53 research outputs found
Strong Secrecy on a Class of Degraded Broadcast Channels Using Polar Codes
Different polar coding schemes are proposed for the memoryless degraded
broadcast channel under different reliability and secrecy requirements: layered
decoding and/or layered secrecy. In this setting, the transmitter wishes to
send multiple messages to a set of legitimate receivers keeping them masked
from a set of eavesdroppers. The layered decoding structure requires receivers
with better channel quality to reliably decode more messages, while the layered
secrecy structure requires eavesdroppers with worse channel quality to be kept
ignorant of more messages. The implementation of the proposed polar coding
schemes is discussed and their performance is evaluated by simulations for the
symmetric degraded broadcast channel.Comment: 35 pages. Published in "MDPI Entropy". A short version of this paper
had been accepted to the 3rd Workshop on Physical-Layer Methods for Wireless
Security, IEEE CNS 201
Publicness, Privacy and Confidentiality in the Single-Serving Quantum Broadcast Channel
The 2-receiver broadcast channel is studied: a network with three parties
where the transmitter and one of the receivers are the primarily involved
parties and the other receiver considered as third party. The messages that are
determined to be communicated are classified into public, private and
confidential based on the information they convey. The public message contains
information intended for both parties and is required to be decoded correctly
by both of them, the private message is intended for the primary party only,
however, there is no secrecy requirement imposed upon it meaning that it can
possibly be exposed to the third party and finally the confidential message
containing information intended exclusively for the primary party such that
this information must be kept completely secret from the other receiver. A
trade-off arises between the rates of the three messages, when one of the rates
is high, the other rates may need to be reduced to guarantee the reliable
transmission of all three messages. The encoder performs the necessary
equivocation by virtue of dummy random numbers whose rate is assumed to be
limited and should be considered in the trade-off as well. We study this
trade-off in the one-shot regime of a quantum broadcast channel by providing
achievability and (weak) converse regions. In the achievability, we prove and
use a conditional version of the convex-split lemma as well as position-based
decoding. By studying the asymptotic behaviour of our bounds, we will recover
several well-known asymptotic results in the literature.Comment: 23 pages, 1 figure, journa
Polar Coding for Common Message Only Wiretap Broadcast Channel
A polar coding scheme is proposed for the Wiretap Broadcast Channel with two
legitimate receivers and one eavesdropper. We consider a model in which the
transmitter wishes to send a private and a confidential message that must be
reliably decoded by the receivers, and the confidential message must also be
(strongly) secured from the eavesdropper. The coding scheme aims to use the
optimal rate of randomness and does not make any assumption regarding the
symmetry or degradedness of the channel. This paper extends previous work on
polar codes for the wiretap channel by proposing a new chaining construction
that allows to reliably and securely send the same confidential message to two
different receivers. This construction introduces new dependencies between the
random variables involved in the coding scheme that need to be considered in
the secrecy analysis.Comment: A short version of this paper is submitted to ISIT1
Relation between quantum advantage in supervised learning and quantum computational advantage
The widespread use of machine learning has raised the question of quantum
supremacy for supervised learning as compared to quantum computational
advantage. In fact, a recent work shows that computational and learning
advantage are, in general, not equivalent, i.e., the additional information
provided by a training set can reduce the hardness of some problems. This paper
investigates under which conditions they are found to be equivalent or, at
least, highly related. The existence of efficient algorithms to generate
training sets emerges as the cornerstone of such conditions. These results are
applied to prove that there is a quantum speed-up for some learning tasks based
on the prime factorization problem, assuming the classical intractability of
this problem
Software Radio para antenas inteligentes en comunicaciones personales multistandard
Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
A genome-wide association study follow-up suggests a possible role for PPARG in systemic sclerosis susceptibility
Introduction:
A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising a French cohort of systemic sclerosis (SSc) reported several non-HLA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showing a nominal association in the discovery phase. We aimed to identify previously overlooked susceptibility variants by using a follow-up strategy.<p></p>
Methods:
Sixty-six non-HLA SNPs showing a P value <10-4 in the discovery phase of the French SSc GWAS were analyzed in the first step of this study, performing a meta-analysis that combined data from the two published SSc GWASs. A total of 2,921 SSc patients and 6,963 healthy controls were included in this first phase. Two SNPs, PPARG rs310746 and CHRNA9 rs6832151, were selected for genotyping in the replication cohort (1,068 SSc patients and 6,762 healthy controls) based on the results of the first step. Genotyping was performed by using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays.
Results:
We observed nominal associations for both PPARG rs310746 (PMH = 1.90 × 10-6, OR, 1.28) and CHRNA9 rs6832151 (PMH = 4.30 × 10-6, OR, 1.17) genetic variants with SSc in the first step of our study. In the replication phase, we observed a trend of association for PPARG rs310746 (P value = 0.066; OR, 1.17). The combined overall Mantel-Haenszel meta-analysis of all the cohorts included in the present study revealed that PPARG rs310746 remained associated with SSc with a nominal non-genome-wide significant P value (PMH = 5.00 × 10-7; OR, 1.25). No evidence of association was observed for CHRNA9 rs6832151 either in the replication phase or in the overall pooled analysis.<p></p>
Conclusion:
Our results suggest a role of PPARG gene in the development of SSc
Cross-disease Meta-analysis of Genome-wide Association Studies for Systemic Sclerosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Reveals IRF4 as a New Common Susceptibility Locus
Objectives: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are autoimmune diseases that share clinical and immunological characteristics. To date, several shared SSc- RA loci have been identified independently. In this study, we aimed to systematically search for new common SSc-RA loci through an inter-disease meta-GWAS strategy. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis combining GWAS datasets of SSc and RA using a strategy that allowed identification of loci with both same-direction and opposingdirection allelic effects. The top single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were followed-up in independent SSc and RA case-control cohorts. This allowed us to increase the sample size to a total of 8,830 SSc patients, 16,870 RA patients and 43,393 controls. Results: The cross-disease meta-analysis of the GWAS datasets identified several loci with nominal association signals (P-value < 5 x 10-6), which also showed evidence of association in the disease-specific GWAS scan. These loci included several genomic regions not previously reported as shared loci, besides risk factors associated with both diseases in previous studies. The follow-up of the putatively new SSc-RA loci identified IRF4 as a shared risk factor for these two diseases (Pcombined = 3.29 x 10-12). In addition, the analysis of the biological relevance of the known SSc-RA shared loci pointed to the type I interferon and the interleukin 12 signaling pathways as the main common etiopathogenic factors. Conclusions: Our study has identified a novel shared locus, IRF4, for SSc and RA and highlighted the usefulness of cross-disease GWAS meta-analysis in the identification of common risk loci
Complement component C4 structural variation and quantitative traits contribute to sex-biased vulnerability in systemic sclerosis
Altres ajuts: Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), "A way of making Europe".Copy number (CN) polymorphisms of complement C4 play distinct roles in many conditions, including immune-mediated diseases. We investigated the association of C4 CN with systemic sclerosis (SSc) risk. Imputed total C4, C4A, C4B, and HERV-K CN were analyzed in 26,633 individuals and validated in an independent cohort. Our results showed that higher C4 CN confers protection to SSc, and deviations from CN parity of C4A and C4B augmented risk. The protection contributed per copy of C4A and C4B differed by sex. Stronger protection was afforded by C4A in men and by C4B in women. C4 CN correlated well with its gene expression and serum protein levels, and less C4 was detected for both in SSc patients. Conditioned analysis suggests that C4 genetics strongly contributes to the SSc association within the major histocompatibility complex locus and highlights classical alleles and amino acid variants of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DPB1 as C4-independent signals
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